Web前端-Vue.js必备框架(一)

Web前端-Vue.js必备框架(一)

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Vue js</title></head><body><div id="app"> <h1>{{ message }}</h1> <input type="text" v-model="message"> <pre> {{ $data | json }} </pre></div><script src="vue.min.js"></script><script>new Vue({ el: "#app", data: { message: "Hello World!" }});</script></body></html>
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Vue js</title> </head><body><div id="app"> <form> <div class="error" v-show="!message">dashucoding</div> <textarea v-model="message"></textarea> <button v-show="message">Send</button> </form> <pre>{{ $data | json }}</pre></div><script src="vue.min.js"></script><script> new Vue({ el: '#app', data:{ message: '' } });</script></body></html>

v-showv-if使用第一个整体元素还存在,使用第二个整体都不存在了。

<head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Vue.js</title> <link rel = "stylesheet" href="main.css"></head><body><div id = "app"> <form action="demo.html" v-on:submit="submitForm"> <button type="submit">Submit</button> </form></div><script src="vue.min.js"></script><script>new Vue({ el: '#app', methods: { submitForm: function(e){ alert("dashucoding"); //e.preventDefault(); } }})</script></body></html>

组件化

<body><div id="app"> <count></count></div><template id="da"></template><script src="vue.min.js"></script><script> Vue.component("counter", { template: '<h1>dashu</h1>' });new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { count: 0 },})</script></body>

什么是Vue.js?是目前最火的框架,React是最流行的框架,打包工具Webpack,目前三大主流Vue.jsAngular.jsReact.js框架。

Vue.js构建用户界面框架,注重视图层。

React开发网站,开发手机APP

Vue可以用于开发APP,需要Weex

MVC 是 后端开发的概念
MVVM,视图层分离
Model, View, VM ViewModel

MVVM的案例:

v-cloak[v-clock]{ display: none;}<p v-cloak></p>v-text v-html v-bind: v-on

事件修饰符

v-on.stop 阻止冒泡.prevent 阻止默认事件.capture 使用事件捕获模式.self 只当事件在该元素本身触发时回调.once 事件只触发一次
<body> <div id = "app"> <div> <input type="button" value="戳他"> <div> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: {}, methods: {} }); </script></body>

实例:Vue.js只关注视图层

<div id = "app"> <p> {{ message }} </p></div>

下载地址:
https://vuejs.org/js/vue.min.js

<div id="app"> {{ message }}</div>var app = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { message: 'Hello Vue!' }})
<div id="app"> <span v-bind:title="message"> 鼠标悬停 </span</div>var app = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { message: 'Hello Vue!' }})
<div id="app"> <p v-if="seen">看到我了</p></div>var app = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { seen: true }})

条件循环

<div id="app"> <ol> <li v-for="do in dos"> {{ do.text }} </li> </ol></div>var app = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { dos: [ { text: 'JavaScript' }, { text: 'Vue' }, { text: '项目' } ] }})
// v-on 添加一个事件监听器<div id="app"> <p>{{ message }}</p> <button v-on:click="Message">消息</button></div>var app = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { message: 'Hello Vue.js' }, methods: { Message: function () { this.message = this.message.split('').reverse().join('') } }})
<div id="app"> <p>{{ message }}</p> <input v-model="message"></div>var app = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { message: 'Hello Vue!' }})

组件

Vue.component('do-item', { template: '<li>dashucoding</li>'})
<do-item></do-item>
<div id="app"> <ol> <do-item v-for="item in List" v-bind:todo="item" v-bind:key="item.id" ></do-item> </ol></div>var app = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { List: [ { id: 0, text: '1' }, { id: 1, text: '2' }, { id: 2, text: '吃的东西' } ] }})

计算器:

<div id="app"> <input type = "text" v-model = "n1"> <select v-model="opt"> <option value="0"> + </option> <option value="1"> - </option> <option value="2"> × </option> <option value="3"> ÷ </option> </select> <input type="text" v-model="n2"> <input type="button" value="=" v-on:click="getResult"> <input type="text" v-model="result"></div>

添加class类样式

<h1 :class="[ 'red', 'yellow' ]" > </h1>
<h1 :class=" [ 'red', 'than', isactive? 'active' : '' ]"><h1 :class="[ 'red', 'than', {'active' : isactive}]"></h1>

style

<h1 :style="{color: 'red', 'font-size' : '20px'}"></h1>

v-for

<div id ="app"> //<p>{{list[0]}}</p> <p v-for="item in list"> {{item}} </p> <p v-for="(item,i) in list"> {{item}} </p></div><p v-for="count in 10">{{count}}</p>
v-if 不断创建和删除,不利于重复使用渲染v-show 不会删除DOM
v-cloak v-text v-bind v-onv-bind :v-on @v-model : 表单元素v-forv-ifv-show// 事件修饰符.stop .prevent.capture.self.oncev-for 使用key属性 string/number

创建一个Vue

var vm = new Vue({})
var data={a:1};var vm = new Vue({ data: data})vm.a == data.a // true

生命周期图示

数据绑定

<span> {{msg}} </span>v-once执行一次<span v-once> {{msg}} </span><!-- 完整语法 --><a v-bind:href="url">...</a><!-- 缩写 --><a :href="url">...</a><!-- 完整语法 --><a v-on:click="1">...</a><!-- 缩写 --><a @click="1">...</a>
目录说明
build项目构建
config配置目录
mode_modulesnpm加载的项目依赖模块
src开发的目录
static静态资源目录
test初始测试目录
index.html入口文件
package.json项目配置文件

实例:

<div id="vue_"> <h1>{{site}}</h1> <h1>{{url}}</h1> <h1>{{det()}}</h1></div><script type="text/javascript"> var vm = new Vue({ el: '#vue_', data: { site: "123", url: ".com" }, methods: { det: function() { return this.site; } } })</script>
v-html="message"v-bind:class="{'class1': use}"v-bind:id="id"<script>new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { id : 1 }})</script>v-if="seen"<pre><a v-bind:href="url">123</a></pre><script>new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { url: '123456' }})</script>
<div id="app"> <p>{{ message }}</p> <input v-model="message"></div> <script>new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { message: '123456!' }})</script>
v-if v-else v-else-if<div id="app"> <ul> <li v-for="n in 10"> {{ n }} </li> </ul></div> <div id="app"> {{ message.split('').reverse().join('') }}</div>

Vue代码

<body> <div id="app"> <p>{{ msg }}</p> </div> <script> // vm 对象就是 MVVM中的 VM调度者 var vm = new Vue({ el: '#app', // 表示当前要控制页面上的哪个区域 // data 就是 MVVM中的 M data: { msg: '欢迎' } }) </script></body>

v-cloak, v-bind:, v-on: 学习

<body> <div id="app"> <!-- v-cloak 解决 插值表达式闪烁的问题 --> <p v-cloak> {{ msg }} </p> <h4 v-text="msg">1</h4> <!-- v-text 没有闪烁问题 --> <!-- v-text会覆盖元素中原本的内容,插值表达式不会把整个元素的内容清空 --> <div>{{msg2}}</div> <div v-text="msg2"></div> <div v-html="msg2">111</div> <!-- v-bind: 提供绑定属性的指令 --> <!-- <input type="button" value="按钮" v-bind:title="my"> --> <!-- v-on: 事件绑定机制 --> <!-- <input type="button" value="按钮" :title="my" v-on:click="alert('hello')"> --> <input type="button" value="按钮" @click="show"> </div> <script src="./lib/vue-2.4.0.js"></script> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { msg: '123', msg2: '<h1>1111</h1>', my: '11111' }, methods: { show: function () { alert('Hello') } } }) </script></body>

倒序效果

<body> <!-- 2. 创建一个要控制的区域 --> <div id="app"> <input type="button" value="1" @click="lang"> <input type="button" value="2" @click="stop"> <h4>{{ msg }}</h4> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { msg: 'dashu', intervalId: null }, methods: { lang() { if (this.intervalId != null) return; this.intervalId = setInterval(() => { var start = this.msg.substring(0, 1) var end = this.msg.substring(1) this.msg = end + start }, 600) }, stop() { clearInterval(this.intervalId) this.intervalId = null; } } }) </script></body>

事件修饰符

.stop 阻止冒泡
.prevent 阻止默认行为
.capture 实现捕获事件的机制
.self 实现只点击当前元素,才会触发事件
.once 只触发一次事件

v-model 指令

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>dashu</title> <script src="./lib/vue-2.4.0.js"></script></head><body> <div id="app"> <h4>{{ msg }}</h4> <input type="text" style="width:100%;" v-model="msg"> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { msg: '123' }, methods: { } }); </script></body></html>

计算器

var Str = 'parseInt(this.n1) ' + this.opt + ' parseInt(this.n2)'this.result = eval(Str)
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>dashu</title> <script src="./lib/vue-2.4.0.js"></script></head><body> <div id="app"> <input type="text" v-model="n1"> <select v-model="opt"> <option value="+">+</option> <option value="-">-</option> <option value="*">*</option> <option value="/">/</option> </select> <input type="text" v-model="n2"> <input type="button" value="=" @click="calc"> <input type="text" v-model="result"> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { n1: 0, n2: 0, result: 0, opt: '+' }, methods: { calc() { switch (this.opt) { case '+': this.result = parseInt(this.n1) + parseInt(this.n2) break; case '-': this.result = parseInt(this.n1) - parseInt(this.n2) break; case '*': this.result = parseInt(this.n1) * parseInt(this.n2) break; case '/': this.result = parseInt(this.n1) / parseInt(this.n2) break; } } } }); </script></body></html>

vue样式

<h1 class="red"></h1><h1 :class=" [ 'red', 'green' ] "></h1> 绑定数组<h1 :class=" [ 'red', 'green', flag?'active':'' ] "></h1> 三元表达式<h1 :class="classObj">123</h1> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { flag: true, classObj: { red: true, green: true, active: false } }, methods: {} }); </script>样式:<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>dashu</title> <script src="./lib/vue-2.4.0.js"></script></head><body> <div id="app"> <!-- <h1 :style="ss">12</h1> --> <h1 :style="[ ss, ee ]">123</h1> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { ss: { color: 'red', 'font-weight': 200 }, ee: { color: 'red' } }, methods: {} }); </script></body></html>

for 循环

// 数组对象<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>dashu</title> <script src="./lib/vue-2.4.0.js"></script></head><body> <div id="app"> <p v-for="(item, i) in list">{{ item.id }} - {{ item.name }} - {{i}}</p> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { list: [ { id: 1, name: 'd' }, { id: 2, name: 'dd' }, { id: 3, name: 'ddd' }, { id: 4, name: 'dddd' } ] }, methods: {} }); </script></body></html>
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>dashu</title> <script src="./lib/vue-2.4.0.js"></script></head><body> <div id="app"> <p v-for="(item, i) in list">{{i}} - {{item}}</p> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { list: [1, 2, 3, 4 ] }, methods: {} }); </script></body></html>
// 循环对象<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>dashu</title> <script src="./lib/vue-2.4.0.js"></script></head><body> <div id="app"> <p v-for="(val, key, i) in user">{{ val }} -- {{key}} -- {{i}}</p> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: { user: { id: 1, name: 'da', gender: '男' } }, methods: {} }); </script></body></html>
// 迭代数字<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>dashu</title> <script src="./lib/vue-2.4.0.js"></script></head><body> <div id="app"> <p v-for="count in 6"> {{ count }} </p> </div> <script> var vm = new Vue({ el: '#app', data: {}, methods: {} }); </script></body></html>

key属性使用

<p v-for="item in list" :key="item.id"> <input type="checkbox">{{item.id}} --- {{item.name}}</p>add() { this.list.unshift({ id: this.id, name: this.name })}

v-if 每次都会重新删除和创建元素,性能消耗高
v-show 每次不会重新创建,初始渲染消耗高

vue 中绑定样式两种方法:

v-bind: class v-bind:style

结言

好了,欢迎在留言区留言,与大家分享你的经验和心得。

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作者简介

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