c语言之gdb调试。 -云博客

c语言之gdb调试。

# 数据库 2024-05-05 06:50 0 23 来源：云博客

1.此文档演示如何使用gdb调试c语言代码。

代码如下:

#include <stdio.h>/*函数声明*/void digui(int n);int main(){ int n=10; digui(n); return 0;}void digui(int n){ printf("level1-value of %d\n",n); if(n>2){ digui(n-1); } printf("level2-value of %d\n",n);}

2.编译debug模式下的程序，编译方式如下:

[zsd@TOMCAT ~]$ gcc -g test03.c -o test03debug

3.进入gdb的debug模式，如下：

[zsd@TOMCAT ~]$ gdb test03debug GNU gdb (GDB) Red Hat Enterprise Linux (7.2-60.el6_4.1)Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"and "show warranty" for details.This GDB was configured as "x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu".For bug reporting instructions, please see:<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>...Reading symbols from /home/zsd/test03debug...done.(gdb)

4.gdb模式下，list命令，查看源代码:

(gdb) list1 #include <stdio.h>2 /*函数声明*/3 void digui(int n);45 int main()6 {7 int n=10;8 digui(n);9 return 0;10 }(gdb) 1112 void digui(int n)13 {14 printf("level1-value of %d\n",n);15 if(n>2){16 digui(n-1);17 } 18 printf("level2-value of %d\n",n);19 }20

5.list的相关命令，如下:

(gdb) set listsize 30 //设置显示行数(gdb) show listsize; //查看显示行数Number of source lines gdb will list by default is 30.(gdb) list 1,20 //显示1~20行的源代码1 #include <stdio.h>2 /*函数声明*/3 void digui(int n);45 int main()6 {7 int n=10;8 digui(n);9 return 0;10 }1112 void digui(int n)13 {14 printf("level1-value of %d\n",n);15 if(n>2){16 digui(n-1);17 } 18 printf("level2-value of %d\n",n);19 }20

6.设置断点。

个人思路:由于希望研究递归函数的过程，所以对目前程序的16行和18行，设置断点。操作如下:

(gdb) break 16 //设置16行的断点Breakpoint 1 at 0x40050c: file test03.c, line 16.(gdb) break 18 //设置18行的断点Breakpoint 2 at 0x400519: file test03.c, line 18.(gdb) info breakpoints //查看断点信息Num Type Disp Enb Address What1 breakpoint keep y 0x000000000040050c in digui at test03.c:162 breakpoint keep y 0x0000000000400519 in digui at test03.c:18

删除断点的命令:(这里不执行，只是告知断点的方式)

(gdb) clear 16
(gdb) clear 18

7.开始调试程序

(gdb) run //开始执行调试程序Starting program: /home/zsd/test03debug level1-value of 10Breakpoint 1, digui (n=10) at test03.c:1616 digui(n-1); //停止到设置在第一个断点，程序在第16行暂停。Missing separate debuginfos, use: debuginfo-install glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64(gdb) contiune //continue命令，是在碰到断点的情况下，停止Undefined command: "contiune". Try "help".(gdb) continueContinuing.level1-value of 9 Breakpoint 1, digui (n=9) at test03.c:1616 digui(n-1); //第二次碰到断点，程序停止，依次递推(gdb) continueContinuing.level1-value of 8Breakpoint 1, digui (n=8) at test03.c:1616 digui(n-1);(gdb) continueContinuing.level1-value of 7Breakpoint 1, digui (n=7) at test03.c:1616 digui(n-1);(gdb) continueContinuing.level1-value of 6Breakpoint 1, digui (n=6) at test03.c:1616 digui(n-1);(gdb) continueContinuing.level1-value of 5Breakpoint 1, digui (n=5) at test03.c:1616 digui(n-1);(gdb) continueContinuing.level1-value of 4Breakpoint 1, digui (n=4) at test03.c:1616 digui(n-1);(gdb) continueContinuing.level1-value of 3Breakpoint 1, digui (n=3) at test03.c:1616 digui(n-1);(gdb) continueContinuing.level1-value of 2Breakpoint 2, digui (n=2) at test03.c:1818 printf("level2-value of %d\n",n);(gdb) continueContinuing.level2-value of 2Breakpoint 2, digui (n=3) at test03.c:1818 printf("level2-value of %d\n",n);(gdb) continueContinuing.level2-value of 3Breakpoint 2, digui (n=4) at test03.c:1818 printf("level2-value of %d\n",n);(gdb) continueContinuing.level2-value of 4Breakpoint 2, digui (n=5) at test03.c:1818 printf("level2-value of %d\n",n);(gdb) continueContinuing.level2-value of 5Breakpoint 2, digui (n=6) at test03.c:1818 printf("level2-value of %d\n",n);(gdb) continueContinuing.level2-value of 6Breakpoint 2, digui (n=7) at test03.c:1818 printf("level2-value of %d\n",n);(gdb) continueContinuing.level2-value of 7Breakpoint 2, digui (n=8) at test03.c:1818 printf("level2-value of %d\n",n);(gdb) continueContinuing.level2-value of 8Breakpoint 2, digui (n=9) at test03.c:1818 printf("level2-value of %d\n",n);(gdb) continueContinuing.level2-value of 9Breakpoint 2, digui (n=10) at test03.c:1818 printf("level2-value of %d\n",n);(gdb) continueContinuing.level2-value of 10Program exited normally.