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WPF动态加载Menu菜单

yunbo1
windos
2026-09-04
199

有一个项目动态加载wpf的菜单控件可以非常有效的做到更具用户权限显示或控制MenuItem菜单，如何实现这种功能，其实也非常简单。

首先需要了解Wpf的menu菜单控件，她的结构其实也非常简单

<Menu DockPanel.Dock="Top" Name="MenuOptionGroup">
<MenuItem Header="菜单1">
<MenuItem Header="内容1">
</MenuItem>
</MenuItem>
<MenuItem Header="菜单2">
</MenuItem>
</Menu>

这是其最基本的结构，menu是其菜单主体，menu下面有menuitem,menuitem可以无限的放入menuitem.

具体思路：

获取需要的显示菜单数据（数据需要拥有父id字段，就是这个menitem的上一级menuitem的id），通过先查询出menuitem数据的父id字段为0的menuitem的数据（就是menuitem没有上一级菜单的菜单项目）Add加载menuitem 到menu。然后继续拿到此的id来做查询出是否还有父id的数为此id的，如果有就继续下去，没有则给menuitem 注册一个click事件，用于点击菜单项目做相应的操作。

数据库表设计：

具体实现方法：

public List<MenuItem> menuItems = new List<MenuItem>();
public MainIndex()
{
InitializeComponent();
SetMenus();
foreach ( var item in menuItems)
{
MenuOptionGroup.Items.Add(item);
}
}
private void SetMenus()
{
List<GblMenu> lstMenus = lstGblMenuItem.Where(t => t.PaterId == 0).ToList();
foreach (GblMenu item in lstMenus)
{
MenuItem menuItem = new MenuItem();
menuItem.Header = item.MenuName;
menuItem.Name = item.ItemName;
menuItem = SetMenuItems(menuItem, item.Id);
menuItems.Add(menuItem);
}
}
private MenuItem SetMenuItems(MenuItem menuItem, int PatId)
{
List<GblMenu> lstMenuItems = lstGblMenuItem.Where(t => t.PaterId == PatId).ToList();
foreach (GblMenu item in lstMenuItems)
{
MenuItem menuItems = new MenuItem();
menuItems.Header = item.MenuName;
menuItems.Name = item.ItemName;
menuItem.Items.Add(menuItems);
if (!lstGblMenuItem.Where(t => t.PaterId == item.Id).ToList().Any())
{
menuItems.Click += MenuItems_Click;
}
SetMenuItems(menuItems, item.Id);
}
return menuItem;
}

效果：

结语：

其实这只是其中一个方法，且这种方法也适用与Winform,都是同一个套路。

出处：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42084199/article/details/95042521

========================================================================

WPF动态创建右键菜单

第一步：菜单接口定义

public interface IMenuItem
{
/// <summary>
/// 图标
/// </summary>
string ImageURL { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 名称
/// </summary>
string Caption { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 是否开始分组
/// </summary>
bool IsBeginGroup { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 是否可用
/// </summary>
bool IsEnable { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 是否可见
/// </summary>
bool IsVisible { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 子菜单集合
/// </summary>
List<IMenuItem> SubMenus { get; }
/// <summary>
/// 执行菜单
/// </summary>
void ExcuteItem(object OperObj);
}

第二步：实现菜单接口

public class MyMeunItem : IMenuItem
{
private Action< object> _action;
public MyMeunItem()
{
m_SubMenus = new List<IMenuItem>();
}
public MyMeunItem(Action<object> action)
{
_action = action;
m_SubMenus = new List<IMenuItem>();
}
private string m_Caption = "菜单";
public string Caption
{
get
{
return m_Caption;
}
set
{
m_Caption = value;
}
}
public string ImageURL
{
get;
set;
}
private bool m_IsBeginGroup;
public bool IsBeginGroup
{
get
{
return m_IsBeginGroup;
}
set
{
m_IsBeginGroup = value;
}
}
private bool m_IsEnable = true;
public bool IsEnable
{
get
{
return m_IsEnable;
}
set
{
m_IsEnable = value;
}
}
private bool m_IsVisible = true;
public bool IsVisible
{
get
{
return m_IsVisible;
}
set
{
m_IsVisible = value;
}
}
private List<IMenuItem> m_SubMenus;
public List<IMenuItem> SubMenus
{
get
{
return m_SubMenus;
}
}
public void ExcuteItem(object OperObj)
{
if (_action != null)
{
_action(OperObj);
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show( "MyMenu Do...");
}
}
}

第三步：自定义控件，添加菜单依赖属性（以button为例）

public class MyCustomButton : Button
{
static MyCustomButton()
{
}
public ObservableCollection<IMenuItem> MenuItems
{
get { return (ObservableCollection<IMenuItem>)GetValue(MenuItemsProperty); }
set { SetValue(MenuItemsProperty, value); }
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty MenuItemsProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register( "MenuItems",
typeof(ObservableCollection<IMenuItem>),
typeof(MyCustomButton),
new PropertyMetadata( null, new PropertyChangedCallback(MenuItemsChanged)));
private static void MenuItemsChanged(DependencyObject dpObj, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
MyCustomButton dropButton;
if (dpObj is MyCustomButton)
dropButton = dpObj as MyCustomButton;
else
return;
dropButton.ContextMenu = new ContextMenu();
ObservableCollection<IMenuItem> colItems = (ObservableCollection<IMenuItem>)dpObj.GetValue(MenuItemsProperty);
if (colItems == null)
return;
foreach ( var item in colItems)
{
MenuItem menuItem = new MenuItem()
{
Header=item.Caption,
Icon = item.ImageURL,
IsEnabled = item.IsEnable,
Visibility = item.IsVisible ? Visibility.Visible : Visibility.Collapsed,
Tag = item
};
menuItem.Click += (obj, arg) => ((obj as MenuItem).Tag as IMenuItem).ExcuteItem(obj);
// 是否开始分组
if (item.IsBeginGroup)
{
dropButton.ContextMenu.Items.Add( new Separator());
}
dropButton.ContextMenu.Items.Add(menuItem);
}
dropButton.ContextMenu.PlacementTarget = dropButton;
dropButton.ContextMenu.Placement = System.Windows.Controls.Primitives.PlacementMode.Bottom;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{ }
}
}

第四步：XAML中添加该自定义按钮

<Window x:Class="DropDownTest.MainWindow"
xmlns= "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x= "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d= "http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc= "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:local= "clr-namespace:DropDownTest"
xmlns:uc= "clr-namespace:GtMap.Pro.Package.Controls;assembly=GtMap.Pro.Package.Controls"
mc:Ignorable= "d"
Title= "MainWindow" Height= "350" Width= "525">
<Window.DataContext>
<local:MainFormVM/>
</Window.DataContext>
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="40"> </RowDefinition>
<RowDefinition Height="40"> </RowDefinition>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<uc:MyCustomButton Grid.Row="0" MenuItems="{Binding MenuItems}" Content="下拉按钮" Margin="0" Width="60" Height="20"> </uc:MyCustomButton>
</Grid>
</Window>